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Editorially curated · sa-hajj-wastewater-amr
Hajj and Ramadan Mass-Gathering Wastewater AMR Metagenomics Initiative
Tracked wastewater resistomes and mobile resistance elements across mass-gathering periods to identify introductions and persistence associated with pilgrim influxes.
01 / Project overview
What the record establishes.
- Geographic scope
- Four mass-gathering-affected wastewater plants and one control plant in the Makkah region
- Project type
- Longitudinal wastewater metagenomics cohort
- Research domain
- Antimicrobial resistance, mass gatherings and environmental pathogen genomics
- Years
- 2020–2022
- Lifecycle status
- completed
- Status basis
- Sampling ran July 2020-August 2022 across three Hajj and two Ramadan periods; integrated results were published on 2025-06-11.
- Status evidence date
- 2025-06-11
- Scale
- 185 sewage samples; 4,329 metagenome-assembled genomes, including 2,622 with ARGs; 43 cultured MBL/ESBL isolates characterized with long reads.
02 / Organizations and population
Who and what the project connects.
- Lead organizations
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) · Umm Al-Qura University
- Partner organizations
- Not stated
- Organism / population
- Municipal wastewater microbiomes and cultured resistant bacteria across Hajj and Ramadan periods
03 / Data and access
What exists and how it can be reached.
Data types
- shotgun metagenomics
- metagenome-assembled genomes
- Oxford Nanopore isolate sequencing
- AMR phenotypes
- wastewater metadata
Data access
Publication-linked data and institutional repository record; accession details in paper
Identifiers
No public accession or identifier is listed for this record.
04 / Evidence and provenance
Why the record is included.
Inclusion basis
Multi-year, multi-site Saudi mass-gathering metagenomics initiative with hundreds of samples and thousands of reconstructed genomes.
Editorial note
Completed research initiative/dataset rather than a permanent national surveillance program.
Sources
- primary record source Verified 2026-08-15
- additional record source Verified 2026-08-15
Release v0.2.0